What do you mean by the Second Industrial Revolution ? write briefly about it.
The great advancement of science and technology in the 20th century is known as the Second Industrial Revolution. It has contributed a lot towards industrial progress. The engineers discovered various machines and tools for the manufacture of goods in all industries. This revolution brought about large quantities of quality goods.
In which century did plastic industry make great progress? What is the usefulness of plastic industry in our daily life?
Plastic industry made great progress in the 20th century. Various things of our daily life are made of plastic. These things are cheap, durable, light in weight, unbreakable and bad conductor of heat. Plastic utensils are also very useful for these qualities. New fabrics like nylon and orlon have been developed from plastic. These fibres, are fine, strong and durable. They are superior in quality, light in weight and easy to wash.
How is hydro-electricity generated? Point out the usefulness of hydro-electricity.
Hydro-electricity is generated by constructing dams across rivers. It has greatly developed iron and steel industry. This industry has helped a lot in manufacturing big machines, cars, motors, trucks, tractors, railway engines, aeroplanes, press machines, etc. These big machines have played a significant role in the development of basic and heavy industries.
What are the new source of energy? How have they benefited us?
The new sources of energy are coal, mineral oil, hydro-electricity and atomic energy. Before these were discovered the sources of energy were animals. We use these new sources of energy in heating, cooking, and in driving vehicles and in factories.
Discuss the uses of coal as a source of energy.
Coal is a conventional source of power. It is also an industrial raw material. It is used to convert water into steam which was the basis of Industrial Revolution. It is now used in steam engines. Thermal power is generated from turbines by using the steam produced by coal. Coal is thus permanent source of electricity.
Give a brief account of mineral oil.
Mineral oil is highly inflammable. It is used in the internal combustion engines. Mineral oil is refined as diesel, kerosene, petrol, aviation spirit, etc. It provided motive power for automobiles, aeroplanes, ships, etc.
How is hydro-electricity generated?
Hydro-electricity is generated from turbines by the use of running water. Big dams are built across rivers and water is stored in large reservoirs. The water is made to fall from a great height. The turbines are made to turn by this running water to produce electricity.
How is atomic energy generated?
Atomic energy is generated by splitting nuclear substances, such as atoms of uranium, thorium, or beryllium under controlled conditions. When splitting these atoms a lot of energy is given out. This is what is called atomic energy.
State briefly how atomic energy can be used.
Atomic energy can be used for both destructive and constructive purposes. It is so forceful that it is vastly destructive. Only two atom bombs could destroy two big cities of Japan. It can also be used for constructive purposes. It can be used to generate electricity and treat diseases.
No comments:
Post a Comment