Political science
Unit-III
Competition and contestations in democracy
Q1. Why do social groups have political competition and contestation among them?
Ans:- To capture political power in democracy.
Q2. How is politics influences indirectly by citizen in democracy?
Ans:- Through pressure group and movement while sharing power in democracy.
Q3. Why is power sharing constrained in democracy?
Ans:- Power sharing is constrained in democracy by the influence and pressure exerted to them by different social group pressure groups and movement.
Q4. Explain briefly the popular movement of Nepal in April 2006.
Ans:- It was the movement against the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal by SPA(Seven Party Allience), Maoist insurgents and various other organization. They aimed at the establishment of democracy and popular control over the govt. from the king.
Q5.Why did the king gyanendra of Nepal leaves the palace in 2008?
Ans:- He was forced to leaved the palce in 2008 in order to establish a democratic republic and constituent assembly for drafting a constitution.
Q6.Who was choosen as the new Prime Minister of the interim govt. of Nepal by SPA in 2006?
Ans:- Siraja Prasad Koirala
Q7.”While making decision democracy usually involved conflict “ explain briefly?
Ans:- Democracy envolves through popular struggles. It is possible that some significant decisions may take place through consensus and may not involved any conflict. But it usually involves conflict between those groups who have exercise power and those who aspire for a share in power.
Q8.How can we resolved the conflict in democracy ?
Ans:- With the help of mass mobilization we can resolved the conflict in democracy .It has come from outside from the people.
Q9.How does spontaneous public participation become effective?
Ans:- With the help of organized politics the political part, pressure group and movement group.
Q10. State the important of popular struggles in democracy?
Ans:- 1)If there is conflict between two group who have exercised power and those who aspire for a share in power.
2)Mass mobilization can resolve conflicts in democracy. The resolution has come from outside from the people.
3)All the conflict and mobilization are based on new political organization .There must be an element of spontaneity in such movements.
Q11.How do pressure groups and movement influences politics?(Give any 5 points)
Ans:- 1)Through information campaigning ,organizing meeting etc they try to draw public attention and support for their goals.
(ii) Activities like strikes and disruption of govt. programmes are often organize by them.
(iii) Pressure group are either led or formed by leaders of political parties.
(iv) Sometime political parties grow out of movement.
Q12.What is pressure groups?
Ans:- Pressure group are those group which was formed by the people in order to achieve a common objective with common occupation, interest, aspiration that attempt to influence govt. politics.
Q13.What is a movement?
Ans:- Movement is a loose organization of people which influence politics indirectly by spontaneous mass participation eg Anti liquor movement.
Q14 What is sectional Interest Groups?
Ans:- Those groups which seek to promote the interest of a particular section of society is called sectional interest groups
Eg Trade Unions, professional bodies.
Q15.What is public Interest groups?
Ans:- P.I.G are those groups which promote collective rather than sectional good. It aim to help group other than their own members,
Eg A group of people fighting against bonded labour.
Q16.What is the main concern of S.I.G?
Ans:- Betterment and well being of their members.
Q17.What is the basic principal of P.I.G?
Ans:- Social justice and social equality for the whole society.
Q18. Suggest the way of influencing the decision of the govt. in a democracy.
Ans:- Direct participation in competitive politics by forming political parties, contesting election and forming govt.
Q19.How can people influence the govt.?
Ans:- 1)It can influence indirectly by forming an organization.
(ii)Undertaking activities to promote their interest groups
Q20.What deepen the activity of a govt. in democracy?
Ans:- Pressure group and movement.
Q21. What is the difference between a political party and a pressure group?
Ans:- Pressure group is an organization that attempt to influence govt. politics whereas political party is a group of people who came together to wire election and hold powers in the govt.
Q22.Why do we called trade union as a SIG?
Ans:- They seek to promote the interest of their member only.
Q23.What is a Political Party?
Ans:- A group of people who came together to contest election and hold powers in the govt.
Q24.What is the most impt. institutions in a democracy?
Ans:- Political parties.
Q25What is the principal objective of political parties?
Ans:- To win power in the govt.
Q26What are the main component of a political party?
Ans:- i) The leaders
(ii) The active members.
(iii) The followers.
Q27. Write the role of political parties in competition and contestations?
Ans:- 1)To win power in the govt. is the main objective of political parties.
2)They try to persuade people and claim their policies are better than those of others.
3)They seek to implement these politics by winning popular support through elections.
Q28.What does a political party do?
Ans:- They contest election and hold political offices.
Q29.Write the function of political party?
Ans:- 1)In democratic countries election are held regularly. Political parties contest and fight in theses elections.
2)Every political party prepares its programmes and policies which is published in the election manifesto and distribute it to the people.
3)In parliamentary democracies the formation of a cabinet depends upon the parties in the house.
4)In making laws parties play a decisive role. But laws are debated and passed in the legislative.
5)Parties provide people access to govt. machinary and welfare schemes .
Q30.What will happened to election if political parties are not formed?
Ans:- 1)It will be very difficult for candidates to contest election.
(ii) Villagers also will not be united.
Q31. Who will act as opposition in the legislature?
Ans:- Those parties that cannot win majority in the legislature will act as opposition.
Q32.Why are political parties needed in democracy?(3 point)
Ans:- 1)Democracy cannot exist without political parties.
2)Govt. may be formed without political party but its utility will remain ever uncertain.
3)There will be no accountability of the govt. and will not be responsible to the people.
4)Without political party there will be no representative govt.
Q33.What is directly related with the rise of political parties?
Ans:- It is directly related to the emergence of representative govt.
Q34.How many types of party system are there?
Ans:- There are three type of party system.
(i) Single party system (communist party –China)
(ii) Bi –Pary system(democrate and republic-U.S.A and UK)
(iii) Multi party system (Democrate and republic-India)
Q35.How did the govt. form in the multi party system?
Ans:- In this system ,the govt. is formed by various parties coming together in a Coalition.
Q36. Write some name of the coalition govt.
Ans:-
(i) The national Democratic Alliance
(ii) (The United Democratic Alliance
(iii) The left Front
(iv) UnitedProgressive Alliance
Q37. Why is it say that no party system is ideal for all country and all situations?
Ans:-
(i) It envolves over a long time,depending on the nature of the society
(ii) Its social and regional division
(iii) Each country develops a party system that is conditioned by its special circumstance.
Q38.Mention two point that a political party become a national party?
Ans:-
(i) A party that secures at least six percent of total notes in lok sabha.or Assembly election in four state
(ii) A party have to win at least four seat in lok sabha .
Q39.Name two types of political party of India
Ans:-
-National political party and regional party.
Q40.What are to kind of P.P that follow a federal system .like India?
Ans:-
(i) Parties that are present in one of the federal units.
(ii) Parties that are present in several or all units of the federation.
Q41.State two points that a party is recognized as a state party?
Ans:-
(i) A party that secures at least 6 percent of the total votes in an election to the state assembly of a state.
(ii) A party have to win at least 2 seats in the state assembly election.
Q42. What is the difference between national parties and regional parties in India?
Ans:- National parties are those which influence all over the country while regional parties are those parties which influence and activities are restricted to particular state or region.
Q43. How many national political Party are there in India?
Ans:-
(i) Indian national congress(palm-1885)
(ii) Bharatiya Janata Party(Lotus-1980)
(iii) Bahujam samaj party(Elephant-1984)
(iv) Communist Party of India-Marxist(hammer,Sickle and star-1964)
(v) Communist Party of India(Ear of Coin and sickle 1925)
(vi) National Congress Party(Clock-1999)
Q44.When was Indian national congress beaterly defeated in the first time?
Ans:-
In 1977 (Janata Dole) general election after the proclaimation of national emergency by Indira Gandhi.
Q45.Examine the policies and programme of Indian National Congress (I.N.C)
Ans:-The party sought to built a modern secular democratic republic in India under the leadership of Nehru, It support secularism and welfare of weaker section and minority .It also support new economics reforms.
Q46.Describe the ideology programme and policies of the B.J.P.
Ans:-
Ideology: the B.J.P drow its ideology from India’s ancient culture and values, cultural nationalism, Hindustan is an important element of the party.
Policies and program: the B.J.P wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India. They also declare that they would reduce poverty.
Q47.When did the B.J.P form a govt. at the centre for the first time?
Ans:- After the election of 1996 B.J.P formed a govt. at the centre but it lasted for 13 days only. A more stable B.J.P govt. came to power in 1998 as the leader of National Democratic Alliance.
Q48.How does the B.J.P formed?
Ans:- It was formed in 1980 by revining the erstwhile Bharatya Jana Sangh. In 1980 the Jana Sangh group walked out of the Tanata party and formed a party which is known as BJP.
Q49.State the main objective of the BJP?
Ans:- 1)to build a strong modern India drawing inspiration from India ancient culture and
Value.
2)it wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India.
Q50.When did the BSP form? What is it main aim?
Ans:-
Bahujam samaj party was formed in 1984.Its main aim is to stands for the cause of securing the interest and welfare of the dalits and oppressed people.
Q51.How many seats secured by BSP in the Lok Sabha election in 2004?
Ans:- 19 seats
Q52.When and how was the CPIM formed?
Ans:- The CPI-M was formed in 1964. it believes in Marxism-Leninism and it supports socialism, secularism and democracy. It opposes imperialism and communalism.
CPI-M is the party who broke ways from the CPI.
Q53.In which state CPI-M formed a govt. for a long time?
Ans:- In west Bengal the Party has been in power without a break for 30 yrs.
Q54.Why did CPI accepts the parliamentary democracy?
Ans:- In order to romote the interests of the working class, farmers and the poor.
Q55.What is the like of the NCP?
Ans:- Highofficers in govt. must be occupied by natural born citizens of the country.
Q56.Why the people tend to blame political parties/
Ans:- They tend to blame political parties for all that is wrong with our democracy and our political life.
Q57.Why have movements become very impt. In modern democracies?
Ans:- They remained the govt. the need and concerned of ordinary citizens different view and influence from different group may lead to a balance of power. They depened democratic forms of participation in politics. So, movement has started to play an impt. Role in politics or the betterment of ordinary citizen.
Q58.Name a regional party for other state which exist in Manipur in 2011.
Ans:- Trinamool congress
